The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of abuse experience on delinquency, the mediating effect of risky lifestyles on the relationship between abuse experience and delinquency among the youth on probation. In addition, the current study explores the moderating effect of positive identity on the relationships among abuse experience, risky lifestyles, and delinquency. To this end, the survey data of 458 youths on probation, conducted by the Korea Institute of Criminology and Justice were used. According to the results, it was found that the abuse experience of youth on probation directly affected delinquency and indirectly affected delinquency through risky lifestyles. Second, the effect of abuse experience on risky lifestyles varied depending on the level of positive identity. In the group with low or middle levels of positive identity, the experience of abuse affected risky lifestyles, but in the group with high level of positive identity, the relationship between abuse and risky lifestyles was not significant. In addition, the indirect effect of abuse experience on delinquency through risky lifestyles was not significant in the group with high level of positive identity. Policy implications have been provided based on the results.